Faculty of Science, Technology and Innovation
repository.mzuni.ac.mw/handle/123456789/6
2024-03-28T17:23:29ZSeroprevalence of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies in Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
repository.mzuni.ac.mw/handle/123456789/472
Seroprevalence of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies in Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Chisale, Master; Ramazanu, Sheena; Mwale, Saul Eric
We estimated the seroprevalence of anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) antibodies in residents of African countries and explored its associated factors. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED, CINAHL, DOAJ and Google Scholar databases for peer reviewed articles and pre‐prints that reported anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody seroprevalence of general or specific human populations resident in Africa. The eligible studies were evaluated using Joana Briggs Institute prevalence critical appraisal tool. Twenty‐three studies involving 27,735 individuals were included in our paper. The pooled seroprevalence of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies in Africa was 22% (95%CI: 14–31) with very high heterogeneity (I 2 = 100%, p < 0.001). Seroprevalence was highest in studies conducted in Central Africa compared to Southern Africa, West Africa, North Africa and East Africa respectively. The number of days between the first reported coronavirus disease 2019 case in each country and when a seroprevalence study was conducted was a significant moderator of seroprevalence. Seropositivity was numerically influenced by gender and age of the participants with males and those aged below 50 years being most affected with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The highest pooled seroprevalence in Africa reported in this review should be interpreted cautiously due to high heterogeneity between studies. Continued seroprevalence surveillance is warranted to establish Africa's transition towards herd immunity.
2022-07-06T00:00:00ZLong-term psychological outcomes of flood survivors of hard-hit areas of the 1998 Dongting Lake flood in China: Prevalence and risk factors
repository.mzuni.ac.mw/handle/123456789/399
Long-term psychological outcomes of flood survivors of hard-hit areas of the 1998 Dongting Lake flood in China: Prevalence and risk factors
Dai, Wenjie; Kaminga, Atipatsa C.; Tan, Hongzhuan; Wang, Jieru; Lai, Zhiwei; Wu, Xin; Liu, Aizhong
BACKGROUND:
Although numerous studies have indicated that exposure to natural disasters may increase survivors’ risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety, studies focusing on the long-term psychological outcomes of flood survivors are limited. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PTSD and anxiety among flood survivors 17 years after the 1998 Dongting Lake flood and to identify the risk factors for PTSD and anxiety.
METHODS:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2015, 17 years after the 1998 Dongting Lake flood. Survivors in hard-hit areas of the flood disaster were enrolled in this study using a stratified, systematic random sampling method. Well qualified investigators conducted face-to-face interviews with participants using the PTSD Checklist-Civilian version, the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, the Chinese version of the Social Support Rating Scale and the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Short Scale for Chinese to assess PTSD, anxiety, social support and personality traits, respectively. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with PTSD and anxiety.
RESULTS:
A total of 325 participants were recruited in this study, and the prevalence of PTSD and anxiety was 9.5% and 9.2%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses indicated that female sex, experiencing at least three flood-related stressors, having a low level of social support, and having the trait of emotional instability were risk factors for long-term adverse psychological outcomes among flood survivors after the disaster.
CONCLUSION:
PTSD and anxiety were common long-term adverse psychological outcomes among flood survivors. Early and effective psychological interventions for flood survivors are needed to prevent the development of PTSD and anxiety in the long run after a flood, especially for individuals who are female, experience at least three flood-related stressors, have a low level of social support and have the trait of emotional instability.
2017-01-01T00:00:00ZBrain-Derived Neurotropic Factor Val66Met Polymorphism and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Survivors of the 1998 Dongting Lake Flood in China
repository.mzuni.ac.mw/handle/123456789/398
Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor Val66Met Polymorphism and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Survivors of the 1998 Dongting Lake Flood in China
Dai, Wenjie; Kaminga, Atipatsa C.; Wu, Xin; Wen, Shi Wu; Tan, Hongzhuan; Yan, Junxia; Deng, Jing; Lai, Zhiwei; Liu, Aizhong
Objective. This study mainly aimed to explore the association between brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) Val66Met
polymorphism and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among flood survivors in China. Methods. Individuals who experienced
the 1998 Dongting Lake flood in Southeast Huarong, China, were enrolled in this study. Qualified health personnel carried out
face-to-face interviews with participants. PTSD was identified using PTSD Checklist-Civilian version (PCL-C). Blood samples
were collected from the participants to extract DNA for genotyping. Results. A total of 175 participants were enrolled in this study.
The prevalence of PTSD among flood survivors at 17-year follow-up was 16.0% (28/175). Individuals with PTSD were more likely to
be female, experience at least three flood-related stressors, experience at least three postflood stressors, and carry the Met than those
without PTSD. Compared with Val/Val homozygotes, Met carriers had higher scores of PCL-C (mean ± standard error: 23.60±7.23
versus 27.19±9.48, 𝑃 < 0.05).Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that Met carriers (aOR = 4.76, 95% CI = 1.02–22.15,
𝑃 < 0.05) were more likely to develop PTSD than Val/Val homozygotes. Conclusions. Met carriers for BDNF rs6265 are at higher
risk of developing PTSD and also exhibitmore severe PTSD symptoms than Val/Val homozygotes among flood survivors in China.
2017-05-14T00:00:00ZPrevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Breast Cancer Patients: A Meta-analysis
repository.mzuni.ac.mw/handle/123456789/397
Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Breast Cancer Patients: A Meta-analysis
Wu, Xin; Wang, Jieru; Cofie, Reuben; Kaminga, Atipatsa C.; Liu, Aizhong
BACKGROUND: Prevalence estimates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among breast cancer pa-tients varied widely in existing studies. This study aimed to provide an overall prevalence estimate of PTSD among breast cancer patients, and the prevalence estimates related to specific PTSD diagnosis tools.
METHODS: Systematic search of relevant articles was made from seven databases. Freeman-Tukey Dou-ble Arcsine Transformation was used to estimate the overall prevalence of PTSD. Sub-group and meta-regression analyses were used to investigate the between-study sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was examined using Egger’s funnel plot and Begg test.
RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of PTSD among breast cancer patients was [9.6%, 95% confidence in-tervals (95%CI)=7.9-11.5%]. Studies that used Clinician Administered PTSD Scale-Form (CAPS) method alone yielded much higher prevalence (19.0%, 95%CI=13.1-25.5%, n=5) than three or fourth edition Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (SCID) method alone (3.0%, 95%CI= 2.2-3.9%, n=11). Prevalence estimates for studies that used the methods: PTSD Checklist—Civilian Version (PCL-C) cut-off, PCL-C cluster, and Impact of Event Scale (IES) cut-off were (7.0%, 95%CI= 3.9-10.8%, n=10), (11.5%, 95%CI= 8.6-15.6%, n=11) and (15.1%, 95%CI= 12.3-18.2%, n=4), respectively. Heterogeneity between-study was substantial (I2=44.9–92.3%).
CONCLUSION: About 9.6% of the breast cancer patients would develop the PTSD symptoms. Those who were younger, non-Caucasian and recently completed treatment would be at a greater risk of developing PTSD.
2016-12-01T00:00:00Z